My Self-Assessment as a Writer Essay

Up to this point I’ve never really considered myself a writer at all. After skimming through the chapters and reading about all the processes, my assessment is, as a writer, I’m probably not very good. So this brings me to, what are you able to bring to the class? Well that’s easy. I’ve really wanted to learn how to write correctly. I’m extremely excited about all the information our textbook has to offer. I’ve wondered in the past how to do certain things and how they’re supposed to be done. This whole class is going to bring the pieces together. So I guess I bring excitement and enthusiasm to learn. My Strengths and Weaknesses in writing are hard to identify. Since I don’t write a lot, there’s not much to relate to. My sentence structure and vocabulary are weak areas. Sometimes when I write an e-mail, and then come back to re-read it; it just doesn’t sound or flow right. I’m uncertain and feel embarrassed by my use of grammar and punctuation, so I tend to make every attempt to avoid writing at all. My spoken thoughts are much easier to transform into what I’m trying to communicate. Strengths are an active imagination. I have thoughts or can take a side on almost anything. I could just pick any topic and write about whatever. Discovering material, planning out my ideas, and drafting it all together would also be strengths. Learning from others in the class will require interaction with the class. The discussion board will offer those opportunities. I hope to learn how others chose a topic or decide how they layout their work. I’d like gain some knowledge from their perspectives and ingenuity.

Discuss the Effect of Islam upon West Africa Essay

Change Over Time Essay Assignment #1The camel, with its ability to travel long distances without water and carry heavy loads, facilitated trans-Saharan communication. During the seventh and eighth centuries CE, Islamic conquerors had added North Africa to the dar al-Islam. By the end of the eighth century CE, Muslim merchants had crossed the Sahara and initiated commercial relations with Sub-Saharan West Africa and by the beginning of the second millennium, Islam had become entrenched in West African life. Islam dramatically changed West Africa culturally, politically, and economically in the time period between 1000 CE and 1750 CE, but many staples of West African society remained the same. Economically, Islam ushered a new era of economic prosperity into West Africa. The adoption of Islam by West African states provided them with common ground upon which states such as Mali greatly expanded their gold trade to encompass Arab and Mediterranean nations. Established Muslim trade routes facilitated the huge increase in the volume of African trade. Commercial cities sprung up across West Africa, with commerce increasing Timbuktu’s population to 100,000. In the twelfth century, Muslim merchants introduced cotton, rice, and citrus fruits to West Africa; by the sixteenth century cotton was the main textile produced in West Africa. European demand for cotton textiles ensured that West Africa would remain economically prosperous. Islamic merchants expanded the African slave trade to a continental level, providing Europeans with a framework upon which to build the catastrophic Atlantic slave trade, replacing small scale tribal slavery with huge state economies built entirely around capturing slaves and selling them to foreign nations. However, despite these huge changes in economic methods and volume, West African states relied heavily upon trade as the principle form of economic support throughout periods of Islamic influence. The increase in trade with Islamic merchants between 1000 and 1750 led to the permeation of Islamic culture among West African peoples. Islamic rulers built large mosques and universities where people could learn about Islam, as well as other areas of knowledge. These universities spread literacy within West African society. Islam was generally tolerant of traditional values, such as polygamy. This allowed it greater popularity than  Christianity, and decreased resistance to conversion. Islam was not forced upon citizens by their kings, but rather was voluntarily encouraged. Despite this, many people adopted Islam, especially those who interacted with Muslim merchants. However, many of those who adopted Islam did not adopt Islam in its original form, but rather combined it with traditional religious beliefs to create a syncretic religion. There was much social turmoil among purists, such as the Fulani, and those who practiced syncretic Islam. Despite the large Islamic influence in the area, many chose not to adopt a syncretic faith and rather kept their traditional beliefs. The integration of Islamic culture into West Africa, as well as the economic prosperity that Islamic trade brought West Africa, led to the creation of large centralized states. As opposed to the small kingdoms, such as the kingdom of Ghana, that the first Islamic merchants encountered in West Africa, by the fifteenth century two large centralized empires had emerged. Islamic influence played a large part in the creation of these large empires. Firstly, the revenue created by integration of West Africa into Islamic trade allowed West African rulers to create and support large standing armies. These armies ensured that these empires could protect their peoples and sources of income, as well as exert their influence. Secondly, Islamic law, known as Shari’a, introduced to West Africa allowed for unified rule. Previously, varying tribal laws had caused disorder and fragmentation, as well as discontent. Islamic law facilitated and demanded the creation of large centralized empires. However, Islam itself did not necessarily become the exclusive religion of these empires; many, indeed most, citizens of these empires clung to and practiced their traditional pagan religious beliefs. Following the collapse of these two empires, West African political structure returned to the small regional kingdoms that had been West African norm before Muslim merchants crossed the Sahara. Overall, the Islam greatly, sometimes even completely, changed cultural, political, and economic environments in West Africa between 1000 CE and 1750 CE. Examples of this change include the introduction of centralized kingdoms, trans-Saharan trade, and Muslim values. Despite this great change, many elements of West African society, such as popular religion, dependence  on trade, and basic values remained the same despite Islamic influence up through 1750 CE. Near the end of that period, Africa began to be colonized by European nations, and fell under European influence.

An Over View Of Apple Inc

An Over View Of Apple Inc Introduction One of the most fundamental factors that determine a successful business is the possession of feasible, clear and achievable business and corporate strategies with a purposeful organizational sense of direction. It is a statement of fact that business and corporate strategies are unachievable without a well laid-out plan at attracting a solid customer base for the organization (Parkinson, 1991). Customers are the facilitators of profits for organizations and any company that intends to remain in business should take the issue of customer service very seriously. Evolving a well-planned customer service automatically translate into programmes set out by companies to draw new customers and retain old ones. This forms the basic tenets or principles of marketing upon which organizational success in business rest. Though the aforementioned assertions have briefly introduced the core elements that drives a successful business, however, it takes far above the points mentioned f or a business firm to survive in whatever industry that it locates itself. This is due to the vociferous competing forces that are struggling with the business firm for the same customers and for the similar goods being offered by the industry. Despite the high rate of competition that threatens and even shut down some businesses, Jobber (2007) asserts that the principles and practice of marketing forbids customers to be chased about at whatever price. However, good marketing principles were identified as factors that would set a company to gain competitive advantage over the rest of the market players. Therefore, companies all over the world have been developing and establishing crack marketing team whose responsibilities will include devising policies and programmes that would impact on the company’s products through which the company can gain competitive edge (Jobber, 2007; Srinivasan et al, 2009). Having dwelt on the necessity of good marketing strategies for the success and survival of businesses in the highly competitive industries, this report will now narrow down its view on the case study of this research; APPLE Incorporations, one of the leading players in the computer retailing industry not only in the U.K., but globally. Suffice it to say that the computer retailing industry world over is a highly competitive one with many players competing for the patronage of their products. It may be rightly put that the industry is indeed saturated with products and services of the competing companies, however, the continuous growth in technological innovations has continued to enliven the industry and continued to open doors of marketing and sales opportunities for the industry. APPLE INCORPORATION: Background of the Company The company Apple Computer Inc. was established and cited in California, U.S.A on the 1st April, 1976 as Apple Computers Inc. for the design and manufacture of computer electronics, computer hardware and commercial servers (Hormby, 2005). However, in the year 2007, the company shed the word â€Å"computer† from its name to Apple Inc. to reflect its new business expansion into consumer electronics and telecommunication hardware. Apple’s most popular hardware products include Macintosh computers, the iPods, iPads and iPhone. Meanwhile for the software, Apple boast of the Max OS X operating system, the iTunes media browser the iLife suite of multimedia and creativity software; the iWork suite of productivity software; Aperture, a professional photography package; Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional audio and film-industry software products; and Logic Studio, a suite of audio tools. Presently, the company has about 284 retail stores in ten countries across the world. (MacRumors.com, 2010).

The purpose of this paper is to use a gender-based analysis to Term

The purpose of this is to use a gender-based analysis to critically analyze how the family and criminal court systems impa - Term Paper Example 48% of Latinas immigrants have opined that partner’s violence and abuse have increased considerably after they migrated to the United States. 60% of Korean immigrant women reported that they have been beaten by their husbands. Among immigrant women, married ones have been found to be suffering from higher levels of sexual abuse and physical abuse, compared to unmarried women. Almost 60% of married women face abuse; less than 50% of unmarried women encounter abuse. Immigrant women who have native people as partners are under big risks as partners take advantage of the immigration status of women. Status of women as immigrants is a tool of control for their partners. People abuse, batter or put great control over their immigrant partners as immigrants are unable to break out because of their disadvantaged immigrant status. Unfortunate immigrant women are forced to remain in the relationship in spite of the troubles they face. They accept domestic violence as they do not have muc h access to social and legal services. Abusers and victims are of the belief that protections of the legal system are not available to immigrants. However family court systems and criminal court systems do impact immigrant and refugee families. Family and criminal court systems attempt to provide justice immigrant and refugee families. Immigrants and refugees being the non-citizen and undocumented person can still file a petition in the family court. Immigrants and refugees who are under the risk of abuse can file an order of protection. They can encounter the Safe Horizon office associated with the Family Court. If an undocumented immigrant or a refugee who is married to a US citizen becomes a victim of domestic violence, he can become a permanent resident with the help of Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). Immigrants are particularly targeted in domestic violence situations. Fear of deportation and lack of secure employment make immigrants reluctant to report cases of domestic vio lence. Abusers threaten victims of disclosing their status in the United States. There are however several measures immigrants can do to check the domestic violence against them. Federal government has put forward domestic violence immigrant relief programs as per the 1994 Violence Against Women Act. This particular act is applicable to both men and women. These programs supply legal status to the victims of domestic violence who do self-report the abuse. As per Violence Against Women Act the victim should have a valid marriage to a lawful permanent resident or a United States citizen. The victim should otherwise have a divorce from the US citizen partner in the past two years. The victim should not have any criminal record. Victim should report a case of battery or severe cruelty. For example, it can be a psychological abuse in which the partner is refusing the required immigration papers for the victim. According to Form I-360, if the domestic violence victim meets all the criteri a, she will be provided an immediate visa even if she does not have a derivative status under her partner or former partner. Yet another option for victims is U visa. An unmarried undocumented immigrant who became a victim of domes

Delivering Superior Customer Service- Amazon Essay

Delivering Superior Customer Service- Amazon - Essay Example Instead, brand has improved in significance in relation to other purchase drivers such as location, price, habit and convenience (Millward Brown 3). The Millward Brown survey shows that too many brands are not successful in optimizing their power to persuade, and rather overstress cost while under leverage desire. Some prominent takeaways from the study are that brands, which enjoy strong equity normally, rate high on desire (Millward Brown 4). Also, the most priceless brands successfully drive a desire to shift from normal to astonishing productivity. Finally, according to the study, leading brands such as Amazon do not ignore price, but they adjust price derived from desire (Millward Brown 4). Also, in another study released by ForeSee on customer satisfaction among internet shopping giants, Amazon topped the list (Tecca 1). The truth that Amazon was number one among dozens of companies with regards to their customer satisfaction is not an outstanding finding to the 152 million ind ividuals with active Amazon customer accounts (Tecca 1). What is outstanding is the reality that ForeSee’s client satisfaction score of Amazon is the highest score ever to be awarded to any online shopping website (Tecca 1). It is vital to take note that ForeSee have been carrying out their studies for over five years now and that no other business has attained a higher rating than Amazon. Therefore, Amazon clients have always been satisfied, and the online firm will always strive to satisfy their clients (Tecca 1). An Amazon Prime membership will only cost someone $79 a year. They can begin with a one-month free tryout, or if they are a parent or a student, the Amazon Mom and Amazon Student programs respectively provide other benefits. A single membership can be shared with a maximum of four extra individuals, so someone in a family of four can all get the membership for one annually fee (Tecca 1). A customer can get a free two-day shipping, as well as $3.99 one-day shipping on appropriate purchases. The firm’s account of a perfect client experience is one in which their clients do not just want to talk to them (Tecca 1). Each and every time a client contacts Amazon, they see it as a flaw. The firm says that they consider their clients as friends, but not merchants. Any person can be eligible for the normal Amazon Prime membership, even though subscribers in the U.S. can see the streaming video for free. Buying of goods sold by Amazon itself are primarily eligible for free tow-day shipping, even though some goods are extremely bulky, hazardous and heavy material may get normal shipping instead (Tecca 1). The Amazon Mom and Amazon Student programs provide benefits close to Amazon Prime, but they are not fairly the same (Tecca 1). For example, neither program offers free streaming video. Amazon Student subscribers are entitled to the same shipping benefits as Prime members for six months of subscription and also get deals, as well as promotions li mited to students. Amazon Mom subscribers, on the other hand, get the Prime shipping benefits for only three months and can prolong that through earning an additional month of free shipping for every $US 25 used in the Baby Store (Tecca 1). Amazon Mom subscribers also get discounts, as well as exclusive deals on a variety of baby products. Going through the reviews on their

Book Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Book Report - Essay Example Another of her clients was Jeremy Strohmeyer a nineteen year old accused of sexually assaulting and murdering a seven year old in a Las Vegas Casino bathroom. She was given the title of â€Å"Trial Lawyer of the Year on two different occasions. In 1997, she published her book â€Å"The Defense is Ready†: –Life in the Trenches of Criminal Law. In her book the talented, brilliant and outspoken author gives her candid opinions on this daring memoir as it leads us directly into the center stage of the court room for a stunning and first hand account of wisdom and folly and courage and timidity of both the victims and the defendants. It gives the reader a first hand experience of her interesting defense which is sinisterly interwoven in the fabric of Criminal Justice. This book lays down poignant facts by a passionately committed American lawyer who believes that anyone who is convicted of a crime, no matter how heinous it is, has a right to a high level defense against the existing indifferent state. â€Å"The Defense is Ready†, opens with her childhood in New York and goes on to tell us of a father who abandoned her, she writes of her training in the Defense at Los Angeles and goes on to tell of her stupendous success as a lawyer in high profile criminal cases. The book starts with the case Abramson handles between the two Menendez trials which she describes as her â€Å"claim to fame† She describes how she fought to the finish for a fair trial and with Abramson’s help he was acquitted. She offers a deep legal insight into the intricacies of the case using sharp pointers to lay down the facts. The language used was in conversational style and colorful but still it lacked key facts of the case. The lawyer brings out a clear picture of the selfless sometimes callous nature of the judges and lawyers in relation to their dealing with the victims and the defendants. In this autobiography â€Å"The Defense is Ready†, Leslie outlandishly exposes the

The monopoly of the United States postal service Research Paper

The monopoly of the United States postal service - Research Paper Example In the course of this assignment I will provide a brief history of the Postal Service, determine what kind of monopoly it is, and examine whether it has engaged in abusive conduct. The Postal Service is a government-granted monopoly established by Congress under the Constitution (Adie, 25). Politicians believed it was important for every citizen to be able to send and receive mail at the same price. The Postal Service has exclusive rights to deliver to mailboxes. It was originally established in the 18th century in Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin. Since then it has grown in size and powers. It is one of the largest non-military employers in the United States (Postal Facts). However, times have changed for the Postal Service. It runs a large deficit and is increasing financial trouble. This is in part because it must provide equal access to postal service for all Americans, even those in Hawaii and Alaska and rural areas. It has several niche competitors such as Fed-ex that are much more economically successful. These competitors are only permitted to deliver urgent letters and not to mailboxes marked U.S. Mail. The impact the Postal Service has on the marketplace is substantial. It is responsible for a majority of all the mail. Indeed, it chooses who to permit to compete with it. It sees itself as a natural monopoly, but its competitors do not.

Case study Netflix Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Netflix - Case Study Example So the buyers force is rather neutral for Netflix. As Netflix provides home entertainment solution, the number of substitutes available to the customers is very large, starting from alternative sources of movie rentals and ending reading books or playing games instead. So the substitutes force is rather negative for Netflix. The threat of new entrants is quite strong since, with the development of new technologies, more and more companies are moving online. In addition, the Netlix’ industry is not too expensive to enter. Furthermore, the competition is already rather strong. So, in general the five-forces analysis leads to the conclusion that the competiti8ve forces confronting Netflix in the DVD rental marketplace are, in most cases, strong. 2. How is the online movie rental business changing? What are the underlying forces that are driving industry change and are their impacts favorable or unfavorable in term of their impact on competitive intensity and future industry profi tability? The online movie rental business changing due to the appearance of new technologies that allow for different ways of movie distribution. Technological advancements, therefore, are the underlying forces that are driving industry change – more and more people have access to the Internet, and more companies use new technologies to distribute their goods or services.

Do humans need to eat meat to have a healthy diet Essay

Do humans need to eat meat to have a healthy diet - Essay Example They may lead different lifestyles that may effect their health beyond issues of diet. Nevertheless, as one study recently put it â€Å"there is some evidence that including lean meat in weight-loss diets may be advantageous, as high protein intakes may increase satiety and help with appetite regulation . . .† (Stanner). When it comes to improving the iron count in women's blood, for example, meat plays a very important role. A recent study indicates that compared with a vegetable diet, a meat diet improves iron uptake (Tetens, et al). These are important considerations to take into account when thinking about the role of meat in any diet. There are a plethora of dietary fads out there. Many people wish to sell their diet to you, but there is little science to support the idea that a meat-based diet is bad. In fact, the evidence points the other way. Meat, in appropriate quantities, has positive health effects and should be part of a healthy and balanced diet. Work consulted S tanner, Sara. â€Å"Red meat: facts not fiction.† Practice Nurse. 34 (2007). Tetens, Inge, et al. â€Å"The impact of a meat- versus a vegetable-based diet on iron status in women of childbearing age with small iron stores.† European Journal of Nutrition. 46 (2007): 439–445

How can the behavioural, physical and symbolic manifestations of the Essay - 1

How can the behavioural, physical and symbolic manifestations of the cultural web inform the strategic development of organizations - Essay Example Similarly in the same way one thinks Scotland when they hear bagpipes or see a kilt some organizations have specific cultures which are inherently tied to their business practice in the economic and literal sense. Various international companies have distinguished themselves by their organizational culture and in cases when this is well managed; it has proven to be as invaluable as any well though business strategy. A firm like Google is recognized for its easy going operations culture in which the employees have are allowed a free reign to exploit their creativity without the convectional strictness in many similar firms. Others like apple Inc. have also established themselves as creativity hubs with creativity and self-expression being given the forefront, this for this such companies have been ranked among the best places to work and their overall performance proves that their easy going corporate culture can indeed be very profitable. This paper seeks to examine how the behaviora l, physical and symbolic manifestations of the cultural web inform the strategic development of organizations by using Google as an example in the context of which various elements of organizational culture and their perceived impacts will be discoursed on different theoretical grounds. Admittedly, this topic is hardly new and in the past few decades, much as been written about the underlying connection between organization strategy and organization culture, managers have all along being urged to link the gap so as to manage their organizations’ cultural context (Johnson 1992, p.28). Nevertheless, a lot of these discourses have been fundamentally theoretical and while there are elements of reality in them, they are very general and rarely provide practical directions especially in view given the diversity of organization and their

Learning from Failure Essay Example for Free

Learning from Failure Essay Everyone strives for perfection, for most people failure is not an option. However, the reality is that failure is an unpleasant fact, each day, a person fails in his or her tasks, decisions and ideas and organizations fail in their strategies and policies. In this highly competitive and achievement oriented society, a failure in any aspect of a person’s life is construed negatively and stereotyped as a sign of weakness. Failures are indeed negative occurrences that involve the inability to carry out the desired objective or goal of the individual or organization (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). Failures can be either large scale or small scale, and it can have far-reaching effects than mere criticisms. Small-scale failures are normal consequences of the individual’s actions and decisions form day to day, for example, not being able to come to work on time is a failure on the part of the employee. Being tardy is a negative behavior and failing to be punctual can directly affect the work performance of the individual; however, such tardiness can also have dire effects on the organization. Chronic tardiness results to missed hours of work per week and probably lesser output for the department or unit and the organization as a whole. Such a failure can be dissected and analyzed as a personal failure, but it has varied implications for the organization’s policies and performance. On the other hand, large-scale failures are highly sensationalized and have the potential to lessen the competitiveness and the trust that people have on their organizations (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). F or example, Martha Stewart’s failure and fiasco in her business enterprise have led to criticisms and stigma and for that time, sales of Martha Stewart’s products were very low. Organizational failures are often not highlighted as a basis for learning; instead, it is covered-up and undisclosed to the public. Learning from failure is not a popular concept in the American reality. Failures have a negative connotation and it is not a thing that is shared to most people. Likewise, organizations steer from the issue of failure and find immediate solutions to such failures and problems without considering the possible learning that the failure brings (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). For example, mass resignations of pilots in an airline company spell disaster, and the most likely action for the company is to reduce flights. Learning from failure dictates that the airline company should look into the reasons of the pilots for leaving the airline. The result of the survey would be used as basis to institute changes in their policies in order to address the concerns of the pilots and to prevent mass resignations in the future. Organizations however, try very hard to keep their failures from becoming public since it would not be good for their business but making failures public communicates that the organization is willing to accept their mistakes and further commit to the improvement of their policies and procedures to prevent and minimize the occurrence of mistakes (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). Large-scale failures that reach the consciousness of the public become common knowledge and these are used as a learning tool for other individuals and organizations.   The stock market scandals have resulted to clearer and stricter guidelines in the stock market. Thus, failures are not entirely negative; instead, it has the potential for driving new information and concepts and in the development of better policies and guidelines for all. Learning is a process that occurs throughout life, and failures play an important role in facilitating learning. Without mistakes and failure, an individual would not be able to learn what is right and acceptable from what is wrong and unacceptable. Failure is as essential to life as learning; one cannot exist without the other. Learning does not occur in a vacuum, it utilizes whatever information, and knowledge is on hand. However, the best kind of learning is said to come from failures and mistakes as it provides concrete basis for differentiating what is positive and good from what is negative and bad (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). At an individual level, workers sent on a training workshop to learn new skills in the operation of new equipments would only have a working knowledge of the new equipment. Actual operation of the equipment would test the knowledge of the worker and the amount of learning that he has gained from the training workshop. A failure on the part of the worker would lead to the inefficient use of the equipment, and identifying one’s mistakes and source of failure would result to more learning. At this point the worker can now identify which of his actions had resulted to the mistake and which actions would control for the effects of the mistake and what behaviors he should do to prevent the mistake from recurring. In terms of organizational learning, failures are also a rich source of information that could be used to improve and strengthen the strategies that they already have in place (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). It is important for organizations to learn from their failures as it is a factual occurrence that reflect the true state of the organization (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). For example, a miscommunication between departments can bring about significant problems and difficulties in the conduct of the organizations’ activities. The most likely reaction is for the department heads and managers to resolve the problems brought about by miscommunication, but if the organization wants to apply the concept of learning from failures, they should b able to identify the source of the miscommunication and in what channels the miscommunication occurred, then the organization should look into the communication patterns of the organization and take the necessary steps to ensure that the communication systems would be corrected to prevent miscommunications in the future. Even though learning from failures has been found to be a useful tool for increasing the efficiency of organizations and in cultivating a positive culture, one that is open to experimentation and failure, not many organizations have embraced the concept and continue to disregard the learning that could be had from failures (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). In a discussion of why organizations fail to learn from failures, it was pointed out that organizations fail to utilize failures as rich sources of information because of the lack of critical thinking skills that would identify failures as an opportunity for growth (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). Additionally, organizations does not take into account and monitor for failure, instead it is systematically removed and not dwelled upon. Another reason for not being able to learn from failures is the human tendency to reduce the effect or to cover-up the incidence of a failure. Even without undue pressure, individuals have the tendency to downplay failures and mistakes and for most to find excuses and blame the failure on the system, and other individuals (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). It is important to recognize that failures present a learning opportunity for organizations and even for one’s personal life, and although it takes courage and a more open and willing perspective, it is not impossible to attain. References Cannon, M. Edmondson, A. (2005). Failing to learn and learning to fail (intelligently): How organizations put failure to work to innovate and improve. Long Range Planning, 38, 299-319 Carmeli, A., Sheaffer, Z. (2008). How learning leadership and organizational learning from failures enhance perceived organizational capacity to adapt to the task environment. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44:468. Nevis, E. C., DiBella, A.J., Gould, J.M. (1995). Understanding organizations as learning systems. Sloan Management Review, 36, 73-85.

Surgical quality improvement Essay Example for Free

Surgical quality improvement Essay Through a review of blood utilization in the surgical units, the administrative manager of clinical operations for a large hospital noted what she believed to be a significant variation in the number of transfusion orders being placed per surgical case among the surgeons on staff. She brought the question to the surgical quality improvement committee, and the committee initiated a review of current standard practice for ordering transfusions within the surgical units of the hospital and also a review of best practices as supported by current research evidence. They discovered that the evidence from transfusion research revealed that transfusion therapy can result in a variety of adverse patient outcomes, including the transmission of infection diseases and allergic reactions. As a result, the hospital medical staff moved to adopt as its general â€Å"best practice† for transfusion ordering: a minimum hemoglobin concentration of 7g/dL (21% hematocrit) as an indication for red cell transfusions and a 10g/dL hemoglobin concentration (30% hematocrit) as a level at which transfusion therapy usually is unnecessary. After the approved â€Å"best practice† guideline was introduced to the medical staff, a blood utilization dashboard was developed that helps responsible clinical managers identify at the physician level when transfusion orders are placed contrary to the guideline. Having this information available enables the clinical manager to address the issue on a unit or with the individual physician involved. Use of this dashboard has resulted in significant reduction in the variation in transfusion ordering practices among the medical staff and a significant reduction in blood utilization, which equates to a significant reduction in costs of maintaining the blood supply, and an improvement in patient outcomes. Questions: 1. What data elements must be accessed from the clinical data repository to drive the blood utilization dashboard? Explain. 2. What clinical data systems might this data come from? Explain. Support your answers from the text, supplemental readings, and any other applicable resources. APA Page Setup: Pages should be set with 1-inch margins. Font should be 12-point Times New Roman. Lines should be doubled-spaced throughout the document, without extra spaces at the top or bottom of the page or between paragraphs or sections. A complete document includes a title page, an abstract (if the instructor requires it), the body of the paper, a reference list, and appendices (if indicated). The paper should be 1 to 2 pages in length, not including cover page. Latour, K. M., Maki, S. E., Oachs, P. A. (2013). Health information management: Concepts, principles, and practice (4th ed.). Chicago: AHIMA Press.

Social Media Marketing And Twitter Marketing Essay

Social Media Marketing And Twitter Marketing Essay Social Media Marketing 2.0 and Twitter The potential of Twitter as a micro-blogging site has increased exponentially in the context of Social Marketing 2.0. Its common sense. Acknowledge your followers. 2) The danger Quite a few restaurant owners I have spoken with believe that Twitter and Facebook is all they need. Promote other peoples content: This shows that you are not just thinking about yourself. In the online world, it helps a lot to have a good website to make your business visible to the online world. The possibilities are endless for attracting and reaching interested customers. Here are some rules to remember: Create tweets that inspire, educate, and engage your audience. Tweet Adder is among these applications and remains to be one of the most formidable ones available in the market. However, such a thing must be too good to be true. In both cases, these people are likely more interested in quantity rather than quality. Not many people know who is the CEO of Pepsi, but Pepsi is the product people will be searching for if they want information about Pepsi and new beverages etc. Its a psychological thing. Typically for a business, it is to connect with their current or future customers, and ultimately increase sales. One of the important but most ignored processes in marketing your business online is listening to your potential customers and to your target market. These social networking sites allow the marketer to pre-sell their wares to the online community and establish a platform for continued interaction with present and potential clientele. There are several benefits and weaknesses to using Twitter for your small business, lets take a look at them when compared to SMS text message marketing. When you start to build your online presence and your followers trust you as a serious network marketer they will be ready to retweet your messages and even promote your products eventually. As it is widely considered the most popular, we shall set off with TweetAdder. Do you own a website or have a product you are looking to market and are wondering if Twitter auto follow tools would be right for you? To be successful on Twitter, you should build your community by posting legitimate, valuable content, and steadily attracting legitimate followers. With that, you can fetch insights about your brand. It is one of the many results of the continuous research and studies that have been done in the past and remains to be an exceptional breakthrough that has utterly made our lives very much easier. Provide service or help them find an answer to their questions. Prospects are inherently selfish, and interested in what benefits them. Make your bio similar but take it to the next level by adding action words that compel a viewer to get excited and want to investigate further. I dont want my wife to complain that Im not spending time with her. In fact, most naysayers say that Twitter (and social media) in general are useless for search engine marketing. The best form of Twitter marketing sometimes is not too market at all. Internet marketers who are not using twitter correctly are missing out on a major audience. Here are 7 weird ways to unleash the immense power of Twitter in your small business. Talk to them, follow them and then expect to be followed as well. TV celebrities, businesses friends and Countries all over the World are taking advantage of the potential it has to also market your business. All this in only 140 characters. The difference in successful internet marketing campaigns is the ability for the internet marketer to engage the users. In a nutshell, the more active your Twitter account is, the more chances that you can grow your follower base. Try the 7 step plan and let me know. 3) Try to follow as many people as you can that you think may have an interest in your business, you can continuously search for customers you think might be interested in what you have to offer. Queries can be search specific based on words, people, places, dates, attitudes, and other. * Twellow. Isnt that the kind of traffic all companies are looking to attract? This is the first place to look. Granted, Twitter does not have link juice. Social media is a new marketing median and must be treated differently. As advancements continue to rise, a few more procedures may be added to this list. You can have Twitter followers in other languages. Social Marketing 2.0, as this strategy is concisely called, involves marketing through social media sites like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and so forth. Its an art form, but for many it may as well be cubism. In this article, youll learn 3 little-known Twitter Marketing secrets that the inner circle of social marketers use to grow their business. If you help someone, they are predisposed toward you because you took the extra time to help. If your Twitter page is brand new and youve just started using it, using your Twitter marketing tools, follow up to 50 members per day for the first few weeks or so. There are thousands of Twitter users which could be of a great help for your business. The internet marketers aim to achieve their targeted goals within time limits with maximum gains. Build Connections Gaining many followers is not enough. This way, people are more likely to recognize you as an expert in that particular field, and will often follow your brand to do business with you. Include all your followers (when appropriate) in your thank you when someone re-tweets or mentions you. Use Tweetdeck: Tweetdeck is a program that will show you your friends updates, your replies, and your direct messages all in one place. So your goal has to be to build an email list. Businesses should tweet, at minimum, once a day. Once again, dont overdo it because you dont want to bore people. That is the best way to proceed because otherwise you begin to lose momentum when you begin worrying about how others dont know how to use Twitter more efficiently. Try reciprocating their effort, as well, so the relationship becomes a two-way street, opening the lines of communication and establishing a relationship. 5. There are several free tools out there that can help you accomplish this. 2) You can Tweet sales, promotions, product advice and discounts. You can tweet as often as you like. There arent many. Its just like in the real world. Why? What if you had 100 followers and they each had 100 of their own and then they had 100 as well. Share good content. Waiting too long can hurt the relationship. Companies and brands have continually exploited new and unique forms of advertisement, right from conventional newspapers, radios and televisions to the latest social media. Theyll like you more and youll get more followers that way. Youll need to build a following which, in the beginning, will require you to follow others in the same niche. If you have followers interested in these issues, then its a natural way to generate additional interest in your book. 5. Its an exponential tool. Three times works great because you can send it in the morning, then a reminder in the afternoon, and another one at night with a notice about the expiration of it. Twitter marketing is one of the most effective ways of marketing yourself through social media. Comment on other posts. Tweet Nonsense This sounds crazy, but hear me out. I follow about 24,000 to 25,000 people now. However, the number of characters in every Tweet poses as a limitation to your MLM campaign. Mention others. Dont be a stranger to the community and dont let your followers forget about you. Apps like these allow you to schedule tweets, manage your lists, and build feeds for particular key terms, people youre following and hashtags (such as #amwriting, political thriller, etc.). With Apple reporting in recent years records sales of their Macintosh computers including the iMac and MacBook systems, software developers have been increasingly trying to release their wares for OSX users as well as their traditional client base based of Windows. Thats Right Twitter Auto Follow Tools Help Your Page Rankings. Its time to talk disadvantages as well. This is a great way to not only get your marketing out there but to also get tracking to see how effective it is. As such, several network marketers have devised ways through which you can market the products offered by your business online. This could be when they mention you or a keyword for something you may be promoting. Too much advertising, or spamming the account does not attract customers, instead has a negative effect. Utilizing your twitter marketing strategy. What you can do is write an intro like New blog post: before the title of your content. 5. Its growing with new users at an amazing rate with thousands of new sign ups every day. Remember, Twitter is just a tool. Social media is a great vehicle to grow, connect with and build your online community. People go to the internet to find answers and solutions and you can promote your business by giving your customers what they need.  · Post good and educational links. This is also helpful to grow your followers. This article will offer some suggestions to make your Twitter experience a positive one and not only reach a new consumer base but also generate additional revenue with only a few extra moments of your time. Now, just wait a few days for your Tweet to rank for your keyword phrase on Google. Twitter is part of a larger group of social media web 2.0 sites. This will make your followers aware that your brand exists and your tweets arent just like computer-generated or something. Its more affordable than you may think and it allows your company to get noticed on one of the most popular social media sites today! At night (especially Friday after 6 PM), your posts could get lost in a big influx of updates. 9. subscribers can customize their twitter marketing strategy, beginning with searches of one another in one of two ways: Basic search. Dont leave your Twitter account inactive for a week, because some users will actually unfollow your account if you do that. Millions of business entrepreneurs have taken to twitter to expand their marketing potential and many have done so with quite a bit of success. But there is increasing competition for some of the other popular marketing software, so is TweetAdder still the daddy? People follow each other on Twitter to keep in touch and many a film celebrity or TV idol and such celebrities are members of Twitter and regularly update their statuses. Social media has become a phenomenal tool for marketing, and Twitter is the easiest and least time consuming of all. Great! Instead, they go to find breaking news and time-wasting YouTube videos. You can sit there and literally scroll down all of the conversations and simply reply with your message. Get to know them. 4. For example, the tools that it has to help you whatever the type of Twitter marketing campaign are very powerful. Its an art form, but for many it may as well be cubism. Believe it or not, Twitter is probably the easiest to promote on because it doesnt demand much content and you can narrow down your searches based on conversation. This simply means that you can type in a particular keyword in the Twitter search and you will find a list of people talking about that subject. So, by all means dont use lame call to action like visit my site or blog If youre an entrepreneur growing a small business, it is essential to use your twitter marketing campaign to promote yourself and your product or service, at a personal level. On Twitter, direct marketing should be minimal. If you think theyll be interested in a story, they probably will be. Choose who to follow To gain followers, you will usually have to follow other people. All you really need is the communication from your new followers. Well Twitter is easy to use and login. Finally, in order to be followed you need to follow first. But in the end, your goal is to make a personal connection with you followers, and hopefully they promote you by re-tweeting and mentioning you their followers. Get them involved in the conversation. Tweet Whistle does the similar task as the Tweet Adder but in a slightly different interface. If you want to learn more about squeeze pages, please read my other articles. Network marketing is not the only one. Instead of tweeting it out for everyone to see, direct message a follower and offer them something that you think would appeal to them. Tweet Whistle has a feed built in for your messages and @mentions which you can remove, reply to and much more, all from inside the tool. In the past few years internet has moved up with a good pace so as its applications. 140it Tweet Compressor Twonvert TweetShrink TwitterEyes Twitblogs shortText.com Listen to what they want and not what you want. With todays social media trends, social media platforms too have become open to online marketing. Once again, dont overdo it and come off as a spammer pushing a product with no concern for anything else. Twitter is the new buzz in marketing. All you really need is the communication from your new followers. Try reciprocating their effort, as well, so the relationship becomes a two-way street, opening the lines of communication and establishing a relationship. 5. However on Twitter, the platform takes care of that issue. In addition to these leading social networking sites, there are many specialized social networking sites that cater to a specific community and bind people with common interests. The twitter has allows other portals and business service groups to propagate their business with the help of twitter for generating their revenues. Social network marketing has become a trend among network marketers, and must be implemented in your very own network marketing campaign if you truly desire to fully experience the benefits of having an effective online marketing campaign. The Internet is, it seems, the fount on which the public quenches its thirst for valuable information necessary for them to carry out their everyday tasks. Once the profiles are setup, you can begin inviting customers, friends and family members to like, follow, and support your business social media page. Optimize your details A successful campaign begins with the right keywords and the right biography. If you the founder are the main focus of your branding effort, it wouldnt make much sense to use the company name as your user name for Twitter. Unlike other national pizza places that have already made a name for themselves, Naked Pizza is healthy. Its a psychological thing. Social networks allow the customers voices to be louder than your marketing message. Dont send the same tweet over and over again, even if you separate it by several days. Being too mysterious    This may seem obvious, but you need to make sure your prospect knows who you are and what you stand for within the first interaction. Spice up your tweets by linking to some fun viral videos or links. 5. Now lets talk about Twitter. You can add your marketing links in a few of the posts where they seem to fit. Ditto for Facebook accounts. 3) You can gain new subscribers instantly in your store, through your traditional advertising and through your customers forwarding your offers to a friend. 4. Yes you want your follower numbers to increase, but also keep an eye on how influential your followers are you only need a small number of influential followers to regularly re-tweet your tweets to see the benefit. Your account must say a lot about you and your business, without saying just too much. The magic word was Oprah.  · Talk none sometimes there are many cool things and fund stuff. And honestly, that amount of space IS quite a bit to convey a message. Dont follow every single tweeple you see without any direction or marketing focus. Many people do not realize its potential and do not advertise here, but here are some very fascinating, yet compelling reasons for advertising on Twitter- 1. Things to Consider When Setting Up User Name You need to consider whether you want to run all tweets in one language, or whether you want to run accounts for each of the main languages. Social Marketing 2.0, as this strategy is concisely called, involves marketing through social media sites like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and so forth. Dont follow every single tweeple you see without any direction or marketing focus. 3. 2) When you do have your social marketing plan thought out, Twitter is the perfect place without wasting an enormous amount of money, time and you can tell the public any news you may have and what you are doing at the moment. They make it easy for you to track tweets related to your niche. Each user has a unique Twitter handle (a.k.a username) which you need to include when sending a message to someone. Steer clear of blasting too many promotions without engaging in conversation. They are both great in categorizing different tweets and trending topics. As this grows, more people are likely to engage with your Twitter profile. Unlike other national pizza places that have already made a name for themselves, Naked Pizza is healthy. Similar to a site directory, Twellow categories allow twitter subscribers to search for subscribers based on specific categories provided by Twellow. Having established way back in 2006, Twitter has spiked in numbers from a few thousand to growing millions in just a short span of time. If you think theyll be interested in a story, they probably will be. 8. Twitter is basically a networked microblog. More so, you can program to set a default message which will be sent when new users follow you on Twitter, thus creating that semblance of interaction to make way for future communications and relationships. More than anything else, Twitter for business is essential. 1. That is the best way to proceed because otherwise you begin to lose momentum when you begin worrying about how others dont know how to use Twitter more efficiently. The various text campaign types have be proven to be fun to customers, increase loyalty and sales by rewarding your best customers. Twitter is a useful platform. b) A better connection Facebook and Twitter are terrific places to gather leads, but your goal should always be to actually capture those leads for yourself. If you think theyll be interested in a story, they probably will be. Find established and successful authors in your particular genre(s) and review their followers on Twitter. That is because they come in with the social proof upfront. Its not a forum for advertising; its a way to find and connect with people who may need your products or services. Showcase If you have a brand new product, Twitter is the perfect place to show it off. This type of apps will update your profile every time you post new content on you site or blog. This way, people are more likely to recognize you as an expert in that particular field, and will often follow your brand to do business with you.

Free Essays - All Quiet on the Western Front :: All Quiet on the Western Front Essays

  All Quiet on the Western Front   The setting of this novel takes place in Germany during World War I. the war is being fought at the fronts- which is almost every side of Germany where other countries lie. For the most part, Paul Baumer stays on the western front, (north west of Belgium), during the three years when the novel takes place. The setting is very important because it shows the darkest part of the war, when most of Germanys fighting takes place.   Paul Baumer, a young soldier who enjoys writing poems and plays, becomes a man during his three years of service. He wants the war to be over so he can go back home to his family and read and write again with out being disrupted by his thoughts of the front. By the end of the novel, he does not achieve this because he was killed on the western front. When they found his body, it had an appearance of calm gladness because the war was finally over for him. In this novel, Paul faced drastic changes. He went from a child who knew nothing about death, despair or fear to a grown man who only knew those three things. At the end of the novel Paul had nothing, for every thing he had loved or cared about was taken from him by the war. I liked this character because he was well written. He was head strong about life or what he knew of it.   Stanislaus Katczinsky also know, as Kat is a forty-year-old veteran of war who teaches Paul and others about life on the battlefield. He is head strong and very smart and is depended on by Paul and others for food, and helping them cope with war. I believe Kat wants what every soldier wants, for the war to be over. I liked this character he was fun to read and a great teacher to me about the war.   The minor character that was most interesting to me was Corporal Himmelstoss because he was unfair to other soldiers, in a mean bullying manner. However, when it finally came down for the Corporal to fight, he became a coward. In the end, he gained the respect of Paul and others for rescuing Haie.   I believe the most important conflict in the story was when Paul volunteered to be part of a patrol to spy on the allied position.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Challenging Religion through the Women’s Right

Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Challenging Religion through the Women’s Right Movement Elizabeth Cady Stanton was a powerful writer who believed on the abolition of slavery and that women’s voice should be heard. Stanton, along with other members of the woman suffrage movement recognized how the Christian Church supported men’s oppressive behavior toward women. She realized that women’s position in the Church became so deteriorated that horrifying acts against women became justified and accepted by the public. â€Å"The only points in which I differ from all ecclesiastical teaching is that I do not believe that any man ever saw or talked with God, I do not believe that God inspired the Mosaic code, or told the historians what they say he did about woman, for all the religions on the face of the earth degrade her, and so long as woman accepts the position that they assign her, her emancipation is impossible.† Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote these lines in the Woman’s Bible as a wake up call for women who were accepting and taking for gran ted their own value in the eyes of God. Moreover, Stanton was aware that she was fighting against an institution that has taken away women’s rights from its sacred books and conveniently has created a patriarchal nation that was the setting for a perpetuate abuse against women’s rights. The words of Thomas Aquinas, the thirteenth century Christian theologian, summarizes what the Church and society itself followed and still believed during the 19th century: â€Å" woman was created to be man’s help meet, but her unique role is in conception†¦since for other purposes men would be better assisted by other men.† Cady Stanton revises the Bible in 1881, considering that this action was needed, since no women participa... ... not acceptable according to the Christian Holy book. Therefore, solutions to women’s issues regarding men’s oppressive acts can be heard and God’s word would not be hold responsible for sexist behaviors that keep women into the darkness of silence. References Blaney, Mary. Role of Women in the Catholic Church. 14 April 2004. http://www.votf.org/papers/A WomansPlace.html Trinity Stores: Icons and Art, Religious Gifts, Catholic & Christian Products. 14 April 2004. http://www.trinitystores.com/main.php4?detail=39&artist=1 Women and the World. 14 April 2004. http://www2.dsu.nodak.edu/users/demeier/women/women.html Schools of 19th Century Christian Feminism. 14 April 2004. http://www.erasofelegance.com/gender2.html Stanton, Cady Elizabeth. The Woman’s Bible. The Complete Text in Two Volumes 14 April 2004 http://www.undelete.org/library/library0041.html

Transformation in Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison Essay -- Song of So

  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison, the relationships between whites and blacks are a main theme. Throughout the whole novel Morrison adds her own opinions toward the race problems that the characters of Not Doctor Street experience. Poverty is another big issue in the novel and many of the main characters struggle financially. Money becomes a means of escape for many of the characters, especially Milkman and Guitar. For both men their quests for gold leaves them empty handed, but their personalities changed. Milkman’s quest was to be independent, especially since he was still living with his parents. Milkman however, was not poor. His family was considered one of the most financially comfortable black families in town. He was the spoiled son and it was galling but easy to work for his father, easy to be waited on hand and foot by his mother and sisters, far easier than striking out on his own. So his idea of freedom was not really one of working to suppor t himself, but simply having easy money given to him, and not having to give anything to anyone in return. It was his father Macon Jr. who informed Milkman of the possibility of Pilate having millions of dollars in gold wrapped in a green tarp that was suspended from her ceiling. The hidden gold was in Milkman’s opinion his only ticket out of Not Doctor Street, his way of having his own possessions, being free from his parents lending hand. For Guitar it was a way to escape and fund his Seven Days mission.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though gold was the initial desire, Milkman was able to forget about his quest for money, because his quest for his family history eventually brought him more wealth and happiness than the gold ever would have. When Milkman gives up in his search for gold, he puts himself on a path to discovering his own self, who Milkman was apart from his family. This discovery is what allows him to â€Å"fly† or fall from the cliff at the end of the novel. Guitar however was not able to forget the gold; he believes Milkman has betrayed him so he sets off to follow and to murder his best friend. Poverty led many people like Guitar to join the Seven Days, a racial group that avenges injustices committed against African-Americans by murdering innocent whites. Why if racism and injustice towards blacks rather than economic injustice motivated the group, are all of its member’s poor?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Initially Milkman... ...is past, as well as the mistakes of the people in his community. Milkman fights the oppression much like his great grandfather does by rising above it, and by soaring over his own oppression. Since he used a non-violent stance I felt this could represent Martin Luther King Jr. who helped African Americans to rise above oppression as well. Although he doesn’t bring a change of masses, Milkman himself has changed, and through time he can show others how to ride the wind. Milkman helps to show that flying does not have to be seen as a physical action, but as an ability an individual has to make a life away from oppression, in a world that oppresses many. An individual flying in the novel is seen as a victory over all the obstacles one has to hurdle in life. It’s the character of the individual that determines whether or not you surrender to the wind and fly, or if you stay on the Earth wondering why things never change. Bibliography LeClair, Thomas. "The Language Must Not Sweat: A Conversation with Toni Morrison." Taylor-Guthrie 119-128. Rushdy, Ashraf H.A. "'Rememory': Primal Scenes and Constructions in Toni Morrison's Novels." Contemporary Literature 31.3 (1990): 300-323.

Stock Market Gann

Fast Intraday – There are basically four solstice dates which Mr. Gann said are most important according to the sun based system. He also said, divide the year by octave and you will get the proof of all the natural activities happen across the year. He insisted to divide the year further by octave and you will get the proof of Human behaviors which is fluctuating throughout the year. The important dates are – 1- 21st March 2- 21st June 3- 22nd September 4- 21st December Now if we divide the year by octave we get following dates – 1- 5th May 2- 5th August – 8th November 4- 4th February Mr. Gann also said that â€Å"we use the squares of odd and even numbers to not only get the proof of markets but the cause also. † Here if we look into the Gann square of 9 diagrams we will understand that the natural squares of odd and even numbers happen to be on mid points of the four solstices. Meaning the squares of odd numbers coincidently are falling on the da te 4th February and squares of even numbers are falling on the date 5th August. The magic also lies in the mid points of the squares of odd and even numbers.The mid points do fall on yes you got it†¦ The mid point falls on 5th May and 8th November which are the outcomes of the division of year by octave. So we have a strong argument that the nature and even the Stock markets are influential under the Octave based system. Mr. Gann has said numerous times to use the 45 degree angle. Now the question arises of how he has derived this particular degree angle. The magic is the octave based system. The circle is the answer for everything in life. Take a small or big circle it has 360 degrees. Mr. Gann said that divide the circle by octave and you will get 45 degree angle.Here we are trying to connect the octave based circle with the natural year based on octave. Because from various writings Mr. Gann has said that 45 degree is important and the solstices are important to find any cha nge in undergoing trend. However, whatever he has written is in a veiled language so it is necessary to put it into actual implementation we have to decipher Mr. Gann’s writing. Considering Mr. Gann’s square of 9 structures the spiraling of numbers coincidently (any power behind this creation? ) falls on respective dates and degrees. E. g. the squares of Odd and even numbers exactly fall on the cardinal dates.Their mid point also happens to be on cardinal date. This seems to consist the hidden mathematical truth which needs to get decipher to know the exact movement of Stock Markets or any other tradable securities and commodities. Before going any further studying Mr. Gann we are about to take a ride of Gann Square of 9 as it is one of the most and foremost important structure to consider for day trading or intraday trading. Mr. Gann was consistently using and saying that the squares of Odd and Even numbers are important to decode the daily market movements. The magic also lies in the aligning of squares of Odd and even numbers.If you carefully observe the alignment of Odd and even number squares you will easily find out that they are exactly 180 degrees far from each other. E. g. the Square of 12 i. e. 144 and square of 13 i. e. 169 are exactly opposite or 180 degree far from each other. And their mid i. e. 156. 5 is exactly 90 degree far from 144 and 169. Now the question arises as to how we should put this information for actual trading of Stock Markets. Is there any fixed method we can use for intraday trading using the Gann Square of 9, then the answer is yes. However, there are certain rules to be follow while trading intraday using Gann Square of 9.Each date falling on the cardinal line is consist of a certain time period and hence is known as a time line. There are sixteen different time lines which have been created by dividing the year by octave and double octave. Now what to and how to use this time lines and different squares and num bers is the solution to the full proof plan of guessing or gauging the stock markets. The readers must accept the beauty of Square of 9 and should put to use for intraday purpose only. Because there are different techniques use for long and short term investments.

Functions & Responsibilities of Hr & Admin Department of Rcl

Chapter 1 Introduction 1. background signal of the typography aft(prenominal) completion of MBA innovation students acquit to do internship in an nerve for the ful contentment of the Degree. Internship architectural plan transmits an opportunity of tuition the real creative thinker for the hillsing dynamics and utilise fellowship of Business Administration. I perfect(a) my M. B. A plan from segment of attention Studies, University of Chittagong. To complete the academic sine qua non I did my internship at HR weaken of imperial p unmarriedlyy curb.My internship topic was functions & responsibilities of HR and Admin surgical incision of august metropolis e peculiar(prenominal)(a). This opus is lively to focalize on the functions and responsibilities of HR and Admin segment of g completelyant sueing detonating device e finical(a). 1. 2Rationale of the report Internship broadcast is the subroutine of MBA program which tops a range to MBA students to rail a sight report foc utilise etymon to problematic issues of counselling of the governance. It is an opportunity to gather applicatory knowledge and reduce the bedcover in the midst of speculative and hard-nosed knowledge.It as rise gives opportunity to the emerging managers to deal with practical problems and give solution in real course life. I did my internship in royal keen modified which is a bringing equity securities firm hearthst wiz in the country. My internship report is ground on the practical experience finished with(p) and d whiz and and(a) civiliseing at the HR division of the comp each. 1. 3Objectives of the report The briny accusing of this report is to fulfill the academic requirement as nearly as the travel alonging accusives To read the homophile election heed suffices. To pretend a clear downstairsstand of the staple fibre HR functions. To strike the clear picture of HR suffices in RCL. To analyze the cognitive mould of the HR & Admin discussion section of RCL. 1. 4Methodology and Data appealingness The report is recrudesced on the primer coat of experience and chooseive teatimeching foolion do and finished direct oversight at the work arse. The systemology followed for the stage of the study has been desk seek as salubrious as sports stadium survey. The desk research method has been followed to review the living literature on the effect. Both old and ines moveial coil data were cool to prep atomic fig 18 the report.The main sources of the primary data to prep ar the c every(prenominal) be(predicate)er visibility and its actualizeance had been collected from fundamental laws web range and the touch with HR film director of princely neat restrict and secondary data collected from the web site and gives for the purpose of preparing the literature part. 1. 5Scope of the report The report is disposed(p) on the basis of direct supervision and collection a nd abridgment of primary and secondary data. It fork overs teaching of a achievementful ingredient field, its practice and prospect of HR and Admin segment.It exit go across and give complete persuasion to a learner and thickenings about ingredient ho give and its activities. This report as well fork outs grid cable televisions to a learner about practice of HR and functions and responsibilities of HR and admin discussion section. 1. 6Limitations of the report The study has been conducted character to certain limitation. The rate of success of my study may be peculiar(a) as I might pass water failed to collect square-toed in exerciseation over cod to requisiteiness of my experience, virtu each(prenominal)y data could non be supp guiled for their clandestineity and official privacy. The secondary sources of data were not purchasable and well organized.In addition to the lavishlyer up, RCL is a private limited society, which does not does not show wit h entirely the necessary in make foration as mandatory overdue to their sensitiveness and warringness in regard to its competitors. In spite of these limitations, I return move my outgo to pinpoint mixed pictureings of this compevery. I, therefore, hope that the study result be evaluated subject to the recognition of the to a higher place limitation. 1. 7MY WORKING field of view As I complete MBA program major in HRM from incision of prudence Studies, University of Chittagong my interest was to know the HR practice in real life in the government activitys.I got the opportunity to work in the HR surgical incision of Royal pileus bound under HOD-HR manager. My internship topic was functions & responsibilities of HR & Admin division of Royal crown restrict. My system supervisor cooperates me to coatingly work with the functions and responsibilities finish by them to successful continuation of a company in the competitive p atomic number 18ntage environment. Ch apter 2 Company Overview 2. 1Royal Capital limited Royal Capital restrain is a leading equity securities firm house in the country.It has diverse lymph nodeele of institutions, t all(prenominal) net worth man-to-mans, foreign lines and retail investors which succor to success in the commercialise. Royal Capital exceptional was found in 1995 and over era engender one of the largest argumentation broking companies in the country. side by side it has in addition franchise licences. Its a member of cap of Bangladesh and Chittagong phone line change. Its authorized capital is TK one hundred fifty million paying-up capital is TK 65 million. there ar 12 offices and branches of Royal Capital Limited situated in capital of Bangladesh, Chittagong, Feni, Jessore, Bogra and Khulna.Its corporate head office is turn up in Chittagong. Its number of employees is 110. The number of benefactive use of goods and services Owner trace holders is 37,112. Its cursory middling turnover is US $ 1. 7 million. The grocery sh atomic number 18 of Royal Capital Limited is 1. 20%. Royal Capital Limited is a depositary participant of profound Depository Bangladesh Limited. Mr. A. Q. I Chowdhury, OBE is the chairman of the company, a prominent worry personality of the country. He has a considerably track eternize of running the manufacturing and emolument oriented international company like James Finlay Plc for the exit 20 years.He was awarded by Her Excellency pouf Elizabeth II the Order of British empire (OBE) for his contribution to the society and ethical business. to a lower place his leadership a young dedicated, deft professional team has been start out to yield the sufficeing as es moveial by customers. 2. 1. 1Mission The mission of Royal Capital Limited is to develop the company into an ideal and boss monetary institution by providing exquisite financial go to its customers. 2. 1. 2Objectives of Royal Capital Limited Success of an in vestor depends on good understanding of market, original certifyation, sound fund watchfulness and risk preparation.Royal Capital Limited is the by rights place to fill all those services. It has already gained confidence of Investors of all sept for its sincere efforts to assist c dwellnt in e truly possible way. Objectives of Royal Capital Limited be as follows ? To help client understand investment choices. ? To provide eraly banknote and transaction information that accurately reflects the investment positions of the client. ? To Build and apologize clients trust. ? Provide clients with frank, mly feedback on how we atomic number 18 doing and how we stooge advance our service to clients. 2. 1. 3ManagementRoyal Capital Limited has a policy do personate which lie ins of 7 members of whom 2 argon elected. The dis exercise board comprises of one lead, one Managing theatre director, three directors and 2 members. It has readying for 23,000 clients. The executive p ower of RCL is vested with the surgical incision tutor. 2. 1. 4Sister c erstwhilerns The pursuances atomic number 18 the concern business of Royal Capital Limited ? Royal Trade outback(a)(a) ? Royal Cuisine ? Royal Garden. 2. 2Major businesses and harvest divisions As a constituent house Royal Capital Limited bring to pass side by side(p) activities ? Brokerage ActivitiesRoyal Capital limited provides plenty execution activities for clients in Dhaka and Chittagong post transmute under Securities & alternate Commissions Law. ? Dealer beak The unsweet Act defines a dealer as roughlyone who is pursue in the business of barter foring and selling securities for his own visor that would require their registration as a dealer under SEC Act. in any case Royal Capital limited has a dealer Account, Name ROYAL crownwork LTD. B. O ID 1201590000001005. ? Stock Broking Account The motion of investing in the shargon market, any individually or through and through a broker is cognize as dribble broking.Stock broker is as well an individual who makes line of business trades on behalf of his or her clients. ? tolerance add allowance grade vanqui extracts atomic number 18 rentn to finance the purchase of securities, usually the purchase of stock ( in like manner known as equity). coast loans normally atomic number 18 extended by the comparable financial services firm (stock brokerage firm or securities firm) that the customer uses to trade in the security system in question. The level best value of a margin loan relative to the value of the underlying securities is influence by the SEC. apiece firm is reconcile to implement much stringent bring policies than appointed by the SEC. margin bring Activities & Agreement of RCL In this segment Royal provide two manakins of A/C Cash This attribute of taradiddle asks to client deposit cash and and so client crumb use that cash to buy stocks, bonds, vernacular bullion or an cont rasting(prenominal) investments. But sometimes client throw out take loan for buying securities, its providing for short time. Its also bird vociferateed unauthorised loan. Margin With a margin describe the broker lends a portion of the funds at the time of purchase and the security acts as collateral. The loan in the narration is collateralized by the securities and cash.If the value of the stock drops sufficiently, the account holder pass on be needed to deposit more cash or sell a portion of the stock. ? Margin Call A broker demands an investor using margin to deposit additional money or securities so that the margin account brought up to the minimum maintenance margin. Margin calls croak when an account value depresses to a value calculated by the brokers particular proposition formula. This is sometimes called a fed call or maintenance call. ? Margin facilities of Royal Capital LimitedA financial institution must have some written guidelines on the consultation praise swear out and the laudation politics of individuals or delegations as well as the basis of those decisions. Royal Capital Limited provides course credit facilities to the customer as per Margin Rules, 1999. ? Margin Risk Management change Margin risk forethought figure out should cover the entire margin rhythm method starting from the origination of the margin in a financial institutions books to the point the margin is extinguished from the books. ? lucre Trading help (ITS) This is a recoil less trading system.Investor who have penetration to internet take part in shargon market from any part of the world, and cigaret do his own buy-sale at own pace. Investor interested to may be able to log on to www. bangladeshtockmarket. com to allow all the germane(predicate) information on the Internet trading and also for trading. ? authentic time trading instalment in both Dhaka & Chittagong Stock Exchanges A client can trade any bourse simultaneously from any of our branche s. ? Xpress Settlement On selling shares through Xpress settlement cheque is issued on the same daylight & not on the exchange payout get out.This money can then be withdrawn flyingly. ? either stage Trading Facility RCL is full-grown any branch trading facility to its client. ? Depository Service A sedimentation is an placement formed to provide electronic sediment facilities to share holder under prevailing law in the electronic form through the medium of depository participants (DPS). The Central depository Bangladesh Ltd (CDBL) is the only depository in Bangladesh, which is setup and governed by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Bangladesh (SEC).RCL is among the few Depository musician (DP) in the country and the origin DP who started related service right from psychiatric hospital of this in the country. ? Beneficiary Owner (BO) Account A BO account is mandatory for applying initial offering shares and also for trading of CDBL shares in secondary market. By opening a BO account with RCL you can enjoy both facilities. ? Demat Securities Dematerialization is the work of converting physical securities in electronic form. RCL is swear name in providing that service for its client. ? PledgeDepository service with RCL allows you to pledge demated securities with any bank or financial institution to avail loan. ? search Activities This is one of the issues that the Royal Capital Limited steering was very much heartrending about and then put due emphasis according to the exigency of the capital market. Stock business is information based. properly information at the right time in the right place is the shopping center of the game. So RCL publish some very informative and analytical publications intended to help explore the financial writ of execution of the k nubd organic law so that the client can take wise investment decision. . 3 wag of directors Chairman Mr. A Q I Chowdhury, OBE chief executive officer & MD- Mr. Munir Ahmed coach- Ms Jesmin Islam Chowdhury Director- Mr. Sami Chowdhury Director- Mr. Saadi Chowdhury swot up Analysis of Royal Capital Limited Positive Negative Strength(s) Weakness(w) Internal Good volition. unretentive IT system. Factors Credibility. wishing of trained ersonnel. Strong financial condition ample financial mental imagery. absence of risk concern prisement. Insufficient research and instruction. Efficient and experience management team. Lack of strategic readying. Prompt service. Transparency. Never a default to client and to DSE, CSE and CDBL. Opportunity(O) Threats(T) External commodious scope to ontogenesis trade. Entry of rude(a)-sprung(prenominal) competitor. Factor Increased competition. Share market crisis. 2. 4Organogram of RCL Royal capital Limited at A Glance Name of the company Royal Capital Limited. Type of company Private limited.Date of incorporation fore intimately April 1995. subdivision Registered no(prenomin al) Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd. Registration no(prenominal) 3. 1/Dse-21/2006 Chittagong Stock Exchange Ltd. Registration No 3. 21/CSE-121053 Authorized capital BDT 150 million. paying up capital BDT 65 million. No. of social functions & Branches 12 No. of employees 110 twist of BO holders 37,112 Daily average turnover US$ 1. 7million Market share 1. 20% Chairman of the company Mr. A Q I Chowdhury, OBE CEO & MD Mr. Munir Ahmed Administration 07 members come along of Directors formation Address Corporate OfficeFinlay topographic point (Ground Floor), Agrabad C/A, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Chapter 3 Literature survey 3. 1 valet de chambre beingkindity imagery Management HRM involves all kind of decisions related with graciousss imaging. HRM can be define as a special combination of HR practices, work structures and surgery that maximizes employees knowledge, skill, commitment and flexibility. Storey (1995) defines HRM as a distinctive approach to employment management whi ch seeks to obtain competitive advantage develop showing how HRM practices leads to overall corporate dischargeance.According to Khatri (1999), heap are one of the intimately significant factors providing flexibility and setability to brasss. Rundle (1997) argues that one ineluctably to bear in mind that pile (managers), not the firm, are the adaptive chemical mechanism in determining how the firm provide respond to the competitive environment. Several scholars have noted that managing people is more sticky than managing technology or capital (Barney, 1991 Lado and Wilson, 1994). 3. 1. 1 human organism election Management Nature gracious imageryfulness Management is a lick of saving people and judicatures together so that the goals of each are met.HRM practices refer to organisational activities say at managing the pool of human choices and ensuring that the resources are employed towards the fulfillment of organizational goals (Schuler & Jackson, 1987 Schuler & MacMillan, 1984 Wright & Snell, 1991). Redman and Matthews (1998) severalise an HRM bundle of cay practices which support service organizations quality strategies, these being ? Careful enlisting and excerpt, for example, total quality enlisting, postal code defects enlisting, right first time recruitment. ? Extensive remuneration systems, for example, bonuses available for mental faculty willing to be multi- ball-hawking. aggroup working and flexible melody design, for example, backup a mavin of cohesiveness and plan empowered hypothesizes. ? learn and learning, for example, front line staff having enhanced interpersonal and social skills. ? Employee involvement, for example, keeping employees advised of key changes in the organization. ? mental process approximations with links to contingent retaliate systems, for example, gathering customer feedback to recognize the work by employees over and above their pass judgment duties, which in turn is likely to lead t o a bonus for staff. 3. 1. 2 gentle Resource Management Objectives merciful Resource Management (HRM) is about twinned employment practices to an organizations dodging, according to Hendry (1999, p. 3). In Torrington, Hall and Taylors (2008) opinion, its intents are to batten down that organizations are well staffed and that those employees are well treated, motivated and attached to their work to provide best execution of instrument. ? To help the organization reach its goals. ? To construe sound utilization and maximum phylogenesis of human resources. ? To ensure respect for human beings. To light upon and satisfy the ask of individuals. To ensure propitiation of individual goals with those of the organization. ? To get to and swan uplifted m verbale among employees. ? To provide the organization with well-trained and well-motivated employees. ? To increase to the fullest the employees hypothesize satisfaction and self-actualization. ? To develop and maintain a quali ty of work life. ? To be ethically and socially responsive to the call for of society. ? To develop overall personality of each employee in its multidimensional aspect. ? To enhance employees capabilities to perform the present chew over. To equip the employees with precision and pellucidness in transaction of business. ? To inculcate the superstar of team spirit, team work and inter-team collaboration. 3. 1. 3The HRM Department is responsible for ? Understanding and relating to employees as individuals, thence identifying individual inevitably and course goals. ? development positive interactions between workers, to ensure collated and structural enterprise productivity and development of a uniform organizational culture. ? Identify areas that deliver lack of knowledge and insufficient fostering, and accordingly provide remedial measures in the form of workshops and seminars. Innovate untested operating practices to sully risk and generate an overall sense of belong ing and accountability. ? Recruiting the required hands and making provisions for expressed and promised payroll and benefits. ? Implementing resource strategies to subsequently create and sustain competitive advantage. ? Empowerment of the organization, to successfully meet strategic goals by managing staff efficaciously. ? The human resource department also maintains an open demeanour to employee grievances.Employees are free to approach the human resource team for any conceived call into question or any form of on the blood line stress that is bothering them. ? carrying into action of employees is also actively evaluated on a regular basis. advancements are conducted and are predominantly based on the overall carrying into action of the individual, accompanied by the span or tenure he has served the organization. The Human resource department also looks at the possibilities of the employee migrating from one crease to another, maintaining the pecking order in the compa ny and considering the stability of post and the salary obtained over a time percentage point of time. 3. 2Functions of HRMThe Human Resources Management (HRM) function intromits a variety of activities, and key among them is deciding the staffing necessarily of an organization and whether to use independent contractors or hire employees to fill these needs, recruiting and educational activity the best employees, ensuring they are high performers, dealing with surgical procedure issues, and ensuring your military force and management practices conform to various regulations. Human resource department of an organization consist of all human resource management functions. seam Analysis antic analysis is one of the most historic task that performed by the HR staff.Through business sector analysis the vacant position is find out and the pedigree description and commerce specification is prepared. telephone circuit description rail line description is an organized and fac tual logical argument of the duties and responsibilities for a particular job. conjecture specification It is a statement of minimum word meaning of human qualities necessary to perform a job properly. The company selects employees according to job specification. 1. recruitment recruitment involves inquiring for and obtaining qualify job candi see to its in much(prenominal) meter that the organization can select the most appropriate person to fill its job needs.In addition to pickaxe job needs, the recruitment activity should be concerned with meet the needs of the job nominees. pic Methods of recruitment Job posting The organization announces position openings through bulletin boards, company publications, and internet/intranet. Skills inventories manual(a) or computerized systematic magnetic disks listing employees educational activity, life and development interests, languages, special skills, and so on to be used in prognosticate inside candi day of the months for advance. 2. Succession jut outningSuccession mean refers to the plans a company makes to fill its most great executive positions. It involves analysis of the demand for managers and professionals by company level, function, and skill and planning of individual career paths based on objective estimates of approaching needs and drawing on reliable mental process approximations and assessments of potential. 3. Selection The alternative criteria for a position are a list of the essential and desirable skills, attributes, experience, and education which an organization finds is necessary for a position. amount-1 Job analysis Job analysis kernel developing job-related information. Its the starting point in the selection plan and, for that matter, in the entire recruitment and selection process Conducting a job analysis array by prevalently describing the purpose of the job. fixate the major work processes the employee does. These are the vocation statements. Decide which duties are essential inhering duties are either critical to the job or they take up a large percentage of time. Identify the KSBs required to do the major duties and responsibilities. Minimum qualifications (MQs) describe the knowledge, skills, and behaviors (KSBs) ask to perform the major duties of a job upon entry to the job development minimum qualifications Using the job analysis, identify the KSBs that are necessary on the first day of the job. ? Step-2 Identifying selection procedures Following job analysis, the second stage in developing a selection plan is deciding how you will evaluate applicators and select the best person for the job. cooking and experience evaluations This method, practically called TE, looks at an applicators education and experience as they relate to the job. Supplemental Questions Supplemental questions give applicants specific guidelines to describe the competencies they gained through training and experience. Written rills Wri tten examinations can be good selection tools, but they arent always practical. Written exams cost a lot of time and money to develop. cognitive operation proves act tests involve having an applicant perform small precedents of an actual duty. Examples involve physiologic tests Physical tests often include endurance or strength measurements, which could adversely uphold on women, older workers, and others. References If not done well, reference checks can result in the same problems as informal, unstructured wonders. lop Sample A work sample is some tangible thing an applicant has produced. It should represent the applicants level of competence in a specific area. Interview The oral reference mud the most universal selection procedure, but they also need to be valid and consistent. checkup examination- Medical tests are conducted to ensure physical fittingness of the potential employee. It will simplification chances of employee absenteeism. booking Lette r- A reference check is make about the candi encounter selected and then subsist he is ordained by talent a formal escort garner. 4. Human Resource development Human Resources growth (HRD) is a framework for the expansion of human capital deep down an organization through the development of both the organization and the individual to achieve surgical operation breakment. HRD includes the areas of training and development, career development, and organization development pic learning and development path acquiring knowledge, developing competencies and skills, adopting behaviors that improve proceeding in on passing play jobs.Organization development is the diagnosis and design of systems to assist an organization with planning change. Career development is the activities and processes for mutual career planning and management between employees and organizations. 5. ORIENTATION & TRAINING after(prenominal) recruiting & selecting future(a) step is to orientation & train the employees. To ensure better performance, employees must know what to do & how to do, to know this they have to go through orientation. reproduction Need sound judgement A needs assessment is the process of identifying the col between performance required and real performance.The purpose of a training needs assessment is to identify performance requirements and the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary by an organizations manpower to achieve the requirements. The assessment should address resources needed to fulfill organizational mission, improve productivity, and provide quality products and services. 6. proceeding Management And assessment Performance management is a process that consolidates goal setting, performance appraisal and development into a single everyday system, the taper of which is to ensure that the employees performance is supporting the companys strategic aims. . requital and benefits Compensation is the financial remunerations wedded by the organization to its employees in exchange for their work. Employee remuneration refers to all forms of pay or rewards going to employees and arising from their employment. There are two main components of employee compensation ? Direct financial wagess wages, salaries, incentives, commissions, bonuses. ? indirect honorariums employer paid amends and vacations. Types of benefits are as follows Pay for time not worked It is also called Supplement Pay Benefits.It is generally an employers most costly benefits because of the large cadence of time off that more employees fool. uncouth time off pay periods include Holi long time, Vacations, Maternity supply, Sick reach, ain age, Unemployment insurance payments for laid-off or terminated employees. damages benefits workers compensation, wellness & disability insurance, mental health benefits and life insurance. seclusion benefits pension plans, retirement benefits and survivors or final stage benefits. Services person al services credit union and counseling services. Chapter 4 Findings 4. charitable RESOURCE DEPARTMENT of RCL Human Resource Management has come to be recognize as an inherent part of management, which is concerned with the human resources of an organization. Besides all other departments Royal Capital Limited also has a HR department. HR private instructor is responsible person the planning the Human Resource Policy in the organization. The raw material Organogram of the Human Resource Department of RCL is as follows motorbus (HR) Deputy motorbus follower coach-and-four fourth-year executive director decision maker Jr. administrator The role of Human Resource department of RCL is as follows ? Human resource planning, recruitment and selection. ? Making Human Resource Policy. ? Under taking training programs for skill development. ? Ethical issues and codes of conduct ? hold open liaison with the administrative manager. ? Grievances handling of the employees. ? c lasp proper security of the company assets. ? To prepare promotions for staffs. Maintain personal files & records of employees. ? Conducting motivational programs. ? pickings care of in-house cleanliness, health and safety. 1. Human Resource be after Human resource planning is a process that identifies current and future human resources needs for an organization to achieve its goals. manpower planning is the process by which an organization can engage the right number of people for the right job at the right time. The workforce needs of RCL reviewed twice in a year. The function of HR Planning is on HOD-HR. RCL follow the hobby stairs for effective human resource planningStep 1 Analysis of subsisting positions An analysis of all post done with respect to the requirement of those posts for the current and future functioning of the organization. They use trend analysis and ratio analysis for forecasting personnel office needs. Step 2 Estimation of job vacancies The number of j ob vacancies which will occur in the approach path year estimated considering the following matters ? promotions ? Demotions ? Separation due to Retirement, Resignation and/or Dismissal worldly concern of vernal position due to increase work load, i. e. Workload P = No. Of peopleStep 3 Taking stocks of the existing work force skills Then a list is prepared of each employee which chinks his/her name, educational qualification, experience in each trade/position, area of specialization, special award received, outstanding achievements and so forth Step 4 Arriving at the net custody requirements & initiating further activities The gross manpower requirements, assessed as per Step 2 compared with the availability of existing skills arrived at Step 3. The comparison leads to one of the following situations all(a) vacancies may be filled up by the redeployment of existing manpower.The redeployment can be done based on the skills identify in the Performance and dominance appraisals of every employee. The options before management are Promotions, Transfer, Retraining, reapportionment of work and Job Rotation. This will occur when it is found that there is surplus manpower in certain departments/sections/branches and deficit of resembling skills in other departments/sections/branches. The decisions taken by the HOD-HR and the concerned HOD and the final approval of the MD. shortage manpower skills If in spite of redeployment of personnel, deficit of skills remain in the organization the action is recruitment.In case of surplus manpower, downsizing action will be resorted to subsequently approval from the MD. Based on the above steps the HOD-HR prepares a detailed men Plan for the coming year. A re-create of the Manpower Plan forwarded to all the adequate government agency. It is the duty of HOD to get approval from MD. After getting the approval it is the Manpower Plan for the coming year. Then it is the responsibility of the HOD-HR to represent neces sary subsequent actions based on the Manpower Plan i. e. Promotions, Transfers, Retraining, Job Rotation, Recruitment etc. fter carrying out the above Manpower Planning exercise if brisk positions need to be added, it need to get approval from the Board. 2. Recruitment and selection of employee Recruitment involves searching for and obtaining qualified job candidates in such(prenominal) numbers that the organization can select the most appropriate person to fill its job needs. In addition to filling job needs, the recruitment activity should be concerned with satisfying the needs of the job candidates. 1. Recruitment RCL have a quantity recruitment procedure described as follows picPersonnel requisition form contains detail the Job specification, Job responsibility and necessary qualification, experience, and skills required for the specific post. The HOD-HR localises the PRFs to the departmental heads as the number of the positions to be filled in that department. The department al heads return the PRFs to the HOD-HR afterward filled up the forms. Based on the specifications in the PRF, the HR department will start the recruitment process. The recruitment process done through the following medium Open Recruitment This involves recruitment through advertisements.The advertisement for required post will appear in major national and regional newspapers, business magazines or in antithetic websites of job circulation. Deputation Some vacancies filled y recruiting employees on deputation. Receipt of resume The last date for receipt of resumes/ practises will stipulate in the advertisements. Once the applications are received, they can screen out by the HOD-HR. then suitable candidates are sent audience garners by the HR department. The call for test/ discourse sent only short listed candidates well in advance.The letter will inform the candidates date of test/ interview, venue of the test/ interview. HR department is responsible for making the test/ inter view exercisement at the appointed date, time and place. This consist of an appropriate test and interview room, a waiting room, lunch and tea for candidates and selection delegation members, arrangements for the reimbursement of the fare to candidates and to interview venire experts. 2. Selection RCL follow the model selection procedure for selection of personnel All the above steps are detailed below.Selection procedure for support staff such as Drivers, Office Assistants, etc. , For selection of support staff the following procedure shall be adopted ? The Drivers and Office Assistants may be selected from known and reliable sources after verifying the reliability of the applicant. ? The applicant must possess raw material knowledge of office environment. ? The person selected shall be appointed on probation for a period of 12 months, which shall be reviewed and if needed can be further extended up to 12 months. ? The support staff shall be selected by Managing Director (MD) o n the recommendation of board of directors. picThe persons who will constitute the selection committal depend upon the position for which the interview will be conducted. ? For MD A subcommittee of the Board of Directors. ? For GM & DGM MD and some other members of the Board of Directors. ? For HODs The selection committee consists of the ED, GM, DGM, HOD-HR, and some experts may also be called from outside the organization to assess the candidate. The members of the Governing body can also be part of the selection committee. ? For other posts The selection committee consists of the concerned HOD, and HOD-HR. The MD involves in recruitment of all employees.Final approval of all candidates lies with the MD. The MD and HOD-HR meet to form the selection committee. The HOD-HR informs the individual HOD of their role on the committee. An appropriate date for the interview/test is fixed with the coincide of all and the selection committee informed of the same. HOD-HR is responsible for coordinating with the selection committee members. Various tests like the Language test, Performance test, Aptitude test, Intelligence test and personality test is conducted, if required, depending upon their relevance and applicability for various positions.The Human Resource Department designs the above tests in consultation with the several(prenominal) HODs and gets it sanctioned by the MD. After the test, (if administered), the short listed candidates are interviewed by respective the selection committee. regardless of the position being filled, Interviews are conducted. Each members of the selection committee fill up one approved rating form for each of the candidates. The selection committee meets, at the earliest, after all the interviews are over, to decide on the final candidates to be selected.The points scored in the tests and interviews tallied and the final decision for the selected candidate taken. The list is forwarded to the MD for approval. The MD returns t he list to the head of the HR department to send the letter of offer. The letter of offer informs the candidate of his/ her selection. It contains detail of the post, grade and scale of pay being offered to the candidate. It also contains any special call and conditions of appointee. The letter also contains the proposed day and date of joining, intimation of the address of joining and how to get to the address.A copy of the letter send to the selected candidate duly subscribe indicating that he/ she will join on the appointed date and time. If certain cost are unacceptable to him/ her, then he/ she may inform accordingly so that negotiations may be conducted, if required. The letter of Offer duly signed by the selected candidate (after all negotiations are over, if required) will constitute the Letter of Acceptance. The objective of the appointment procedure is to ensure that the employee completes all formalities before he is given the formal appointment letter. The proced ure for appointment will consist of the following steps ? Joining reportThe potential employee has to report to the HOD-HR on the appointed date. The HOD-HR then takes the employee through the appointment procedure. ? tab of Certificates The appointing strength checks the certificates of the prospective employee. These include his/her academic and other certificates as well as other(prenominal) experience certificates. These are encompass checked with the information mentioned by the candidate in the application form. ? Check of age of candidate The appointing potence also check the age of the candidate through his/her school leaving certificate and cross check it with the age mentioned in the application form. Medical tests The candidate will be asked to undergo a medical test consisting of blood test, chest X-ray, blood pressure, eye test. ? General check up The organization can either appoint a doctor on contract or it can approve a panel of doctors for the employees of the society. The prospective employee shall bring the above test reports with him/ her or the doctor can send them directly to the organization. ? References The prospective employee is asked to furnish name calling and address of three references who have known him/ her for more than two years.The HR department sends reference sheets to them and gets their responses on the persons qualifications, abilities and other traits. ? Secrecy Bond The prospective employee also signs a bond of secrecy so that confidential information is not leaked out. ? Appointment Letter After all the above steps are faultless the HOD-HR issues a formal Appointment letter to the selected candidate, duly signed by the MD. ? Employee Personal File As soon as an employee joins the organization, a personal file is exposed on his/ her name. This file is unplowed confidential and maintained and is under the care of the HR department.The personal file will contain the following Joining report Ratings of taste an d/ or Interviews Photocopies of academic Qualification certificates Photocopies of past employment certificates A record of the date of birth or National ID batting order Medical test report at the time of appointment as well as any subsequent tests done. If any Comments of referees Copy of the secrecy bond All correspondence before joining including copies of the letter of Offer, Letter of Acceptance, and appointment Letter nip contact number and address 3. InductionInduction is the process of familiarizing a newcomer to the organization with the job, surroundings and the organization itself. RCL use the following generality process for the new employee to familiarize the job and the organization to him/her The procedure of induction consists of the following steps ? Orientation of new Employee The HR department plans an induction program in consultation with the departments concerned for the impudently induced employees based on experience and grade. ? Introduction to the Organization The new employee meets the HOD-HR.He explains the new employee organizations mission, objectives, culture and organizational structure. The HOD-HR also ensures that he/she gets a booklet that contains important rules/ terms of service and conditions of employment. ? Advice to various departments The HR department informs the applicable department heads of the appointment of new employee. This also includes the HOD-Finance and Accounts as well as the HOD of the concern department. ? Introduction to the employees of the organization This consist the three following groups of employees The MD and GM/DGM and their immediate staff The concerned HOD and immediate superior The other employees ? Induction rearing The HOD informs the employee his/her induction training schedule. ? Issue of identicalness operator Card and Visiting Cards A formal identity card with the employees name, number, photograph and signature issued. The HR department also arrange visiting card f or the employee. ? Service book Proper record of different types of forsakes, performance etc of employees of the RCL for sanctioning leave, leave encashment, annual development and performance of individual employees maintained in the service book of the employee concerned. . Compensation management All the employees of RCL receive salary and allowances as per the rules framed by the governing body of RCL. The pay and allowances paid to the employees on the 1st date of the month following the month during which the service is performed. If the 1st day is holiday then the payment made on the afternoon of the last working day of the month for which payment is due. ? Increment Increment normally accrues on satisfactory of the completion of the calendar year. The increment is allow on satisfactory performance of the employee and the approval of the MD. finicky pay Special pay may be assigned for discharge of additional work, work of high quality or special nature. The grant of spe cial pay requires the approval of the MD. ? modification of salary structure The management of RCL conducts a salary structure revision once in a year. The responsibility of rewrite the salary structure for all grades lie within the management and the authority for approval lie with the Governing personate. pic Non-financial benefits of RCL that provided to its employees are as follows discussed Pay for time not worked ? each week HolidaysFriday and Saturday are weekly holidays unless otherwise specified. ? Leaves The organization provides leave to the employees to refresh themselves, celebrate festivals and have a vacation. The following types of leave are allowed Annual Leave one day for every 18 days worked (Annual leave is based on the number of days worked by the employee and not given for the days during which the employee was on leave without pay) Casual leave 10 days in a calendar year. Sick leave 14 days in a year (Medical Certificate needs to be produced if leave is taken for three or more days) Maternity leave National & festival Holidays organization observes the same National holidays and holidays on account of festivals and other holidays. ? Other benefits policy RCL provide insurance benefits to its employees. TA/DA Dearness allowances Tour expenses Profitability share 5. Performance appraisal & management Performance and potential appraisal for employees of RCL is done every quarter in a year. The individual appraisal is done in judgment forms. The HR head send as many forms as there are employees in each department and each branch, to the department heads and branch in charge.The department heads zonk out the forms to all employees who would fill up the relevant columns along with their immediate supervisors within a weeks time. Then the departmental heads give their ratings and discuss the same with the respective employees and their immediate supervisors. After completing the forms sent to the HR department for completion. I ndividual performance estimate will be done at two levels ? Initiating power This would lie with the immediate superior of the appraisee. ? evaluate endorsement This would lie with the HODs /MD/Chairman as the case may be.The Initiating authority and Accepting authority at different levels in SIFPSA will be as follows Performance estimate for the MD The initiating and accepting authority would lie with the Chairman of the Governing proboscis of RCL. Performance Appraisal for the GM The initiating authority would be the MD and the accepting authority would be the Chairman of the Governing Body of RCL. Performance Appraisal for Grade IX employees. GM shall be Initiating / refreshing countenance and Managing Director shall be the Accepting dominance. Performance Appraisal for Grade I to VIII employees Initiating Authority shall be the Departmental jitneys of the division concerned. Reviewing Authority shall be the GM and Accepting Authority shall be the Managing Director. Organization performance appraisal The MD, GM, and Heads of the departments will meet to discuss the performance of RCL as a whole. They will assess the achievements of the organization since the last appraisal, causes for delay/ non-achievements, tonic measures, and the tasks for the organization till the next appraisal. 6. formulation and developmentTraining is the process of teaching new employees the basic skills they need to perform their jobs. On the other hand Management development way of life any attempt to improve current or future management performance by imparting knowledge, changing attitudes, or increasing skills. ? occasion During the Performance and Potential Appraisal, the training needs of individuals and departments will be identified. The HR head prepare a list of training needs and categorise them into Technical, autobusial, and Behavioral. He/ She will also pervade the days and dates of the various training programs to be organized in the next one year. The training programs should ideally begin after the recruitment process is over so that new employees can also be trained along with the regular employees of the organization. Kinds of Training The various trainings that will be imparted are as follows Training conducted by a society employee This type of training is essentially conducted by an experienced employee of RCL. It is conducted when some skills are to be ecstasyred to another person within the society or to train new employees. Training conducted by outside agenciesThis training is conducted when new skills are to be imparted to the employees of the organization. The HR department identifies agencies and experts who can impart relevant training. The HR department also has to arrange the training conducted in the organization or outside it. ? Training Impact Assessment Thus training and development programs play an important part in the fluid and effective functioning of the organization. The impaction of such progr ams on the functioning of the organization also assessed periodically. The responsibility of such assessment is of HOD-HR.The period of assessment is from one month to a year after the program has been conducted or on the spot assessment. Based on these assessments the organization decides to discontinue the particular program. It can also decide to change the flight simulator in order to improve the impact of such training. 6. Career planning & growth Career Planning is concerned with providing experiences that will enable employees to develop their full potential. Procedure RCL designs avenues for career planning and growth of the employees and its compensation package such as to deplume and keep the best managerial talent.Career planning and growth of the organization, take place through the following steps pic Career Planning Performance and Potential Appraisal is an extension of the employees accomplishments and his/ her potential Training and its applications show how quick ly he/ she is able to adapt to new roles and responsibilities. The employee have to take initiative in his/ her own career planning by setting targets for himself/ herself and suitably getting nominated for training in areas which he/ she needs to develop. Based on the above, management encourages career planning and growth for all the employees of RCL. Career step-up Career Growth depends upon the performance of the employee and the avenue open for him/ her in his/ her own or other departments due to exit of superiors. If the employee needs special skills to ask those positions, appropriate training arranged for him/ her. The Appraisal committee decides the promotion of the employee and indicates future avenues of growth. Promotion also takes place through transfer of employees from one department to the other or from one location of operation to another. The management consults the employee on whether such a promotion is acceptable to him/ her or not. Promotions The HOD HR pre pares the following letters at the end of the Appraisal Committee deliberations The above letters are approved by the MD and sent to the employee. 7. DIFFERENT TYPICAL HR FUNCTIONS sight IN RCL RCL authority provides opportunity to the students from different institutions, to take part in their internship program. This type of programs continues for 2- 3 months. As RCL is a demon organization in the area of capital market, there is ample opportunity for the students who engaged there for internship, to gather lots of practical experiences, which will be fruitful for their career.Another most comprehensive responsibility for the HR department of RCL. The executives of HR department in RCL are responsible to develop the personal files of different employees. For that they have to always keep close contract with every employee to collect their profile and to update their personal history, which are kept into a different format prescribed by the RCL authority. Its a common responsibil ity for all the departmental heads of Royal Capital Limited to give daily briefing to their executives about the particular responsibility for the day.For example the Trade Manager of RCL It involves discussions- it means that is an act of communication and the general objective of counseling is to understand and/or decrease an employees emotional disorder. Counseling is baffling in all aspects of the employer-employee relationship. 1. Analysis and gap between theory and practice After analyzing and comparing the literature with the functions and responsibilities of HR & Admin department of RCL it is found that RCL follows a well completed HR policy to recruit and to guide its human resource.But there are some gap between the theory and practice which need addressed to make its human resources more competitive and achieve organizational goals. Chapter 5 Recommendations & Conclusions 5. 1Key policy recommendations puzzle a strategic HR function ? Review the configuration and staff ing of the HR function to modify it into a strategic HR function. ? Develop a service improvement plan that reflects customer feedback and builds on the work started at the HR away day. ? Refocus the work of the HR team on the OD agenda and the refined HR outline and implement an associated development program for HR staff.Review and develop the HR strategy ? The HR strategy should capture the employer brand of RCL, and focus directly on achieving the vision and developing the required culture. ? Communications/ employee engagement and workforce development planning should be key strands. ? Review core values and develop the new vision into a practical strategy and change program that all staff can understand. Align Training and Development to OD ? Create a separate training and development department for the employees. ? Refocus corporate training and development to ensure that core training eflects and reinforces the OD agenda. Performance management ? Performance standards shou ld be defined in quantifiable and measureable terms which easily understood able to the employees of RCL. ? There should use the 360degree performance appraisal method to evaluate the performance of the employees. ? The employees should provide the feedback of performance appraisal so that they can improve their performance in future. 5. 2Conclusion Human resource management (HRM, HR) is the management of an organizations employees. An organization success is fully depending on proper personnel management.As a result, the organization can ensure the productivity by ensuring the proper human resource management. They provide better service facility to their employees, which in turn give the timely production and necessary activities effectively and efficiently without any hazard. It means the proper service facility and sound-working condition remains the whole organization. The stock market of Bangladesh as of today consists of stock exchanges such of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).In groundbreaking business world stock broker house plays a vital role for their client. This research report took an endeavor to identity the brokerage house human resource management practice and performance that took place within last decade with special emphasis on Royal Capital Ltd. Royal Capital Limited has a HR department with highly skilled professionals who are employed to achieve organizational goals. The successes of an organization fully depend on its human capital. So it needs to provide proper guidelines, training and continuous developing with the changes in the business world to achieve the market share and rganizational goals. References 1. Organizations web site. 2. HR manuals of Royal Capital Limited. 3. Dessler G. (2004), Human Resource Management, eleventh edition, Prentice Hall. 4. Management, Heinz Weigh rich, Harold Koontz 10th edition. 5. A b c d doubting Thomas N. Garavan, Pat C ostine, and Noreen Heraty (1995). Training and Development Concepts, Attitudes, and Issues. Training and Development in Ireland. Cengage Learning EMEA. pp. 1. ISBN 1872853927. 6. Derek Torrington, Laura Hall, and Stephen Taylor (2004). Human Resource Management. Pearson Education. pp. 363.ISBN 0273687131. 7. Web site, Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 8. Storey, J. (1995). sassy perspectives on human resource management. unused York Rutledge. 9. Beatty, R. W Schneier, C. E (1997). New Human Resources roles to impact organizational performance From partners to players. In D. Ulrich, M. R Losey & G. Lake (Eds), Tomorrows HR Management 48 sight leaders call for change, pp. 69-83. 10. Public sphere and Management Act (May 9, 2001), Advertising, Selection, Appointment, Transfer and Promotion, Employment Instruction Number-1,from http//www. ocpe. nt. gov. u/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/9791/ei01. pdfpicpic picpic lowly executive senior administrator senior Executive Senior Executiv e Senior Executive Executive Junior Executive Executive Junior Executive Executive Junior Executive Executive Activities of RCL ? Stock Broking ? Cash Account ? Margin Account ? Internet Trading Service (ITS) trustworthy time trading facility in both DSE & CSE ? Xpress Settlement ? Any Branch Trading Facility ? Depository Service ? BO Account ? Demat Securities ? Pledge Functions of HRM ? HR planning. ? Recruitment, selection & placement Training & development ? Performance Appraisal ? Transfer ? Remuneration ? sociable security & welfare of employees. ? Setting general and specific management policy ? joint bargaining, contract negotiation and grievance handling. ? Staffing the organization. ? usage Analysis for job occupants. ? Job Rotation. ? gauge Circle, Organization development and Quality of works feel. ? Benefits Health care insurance Life insurance Disability insurance Retirement Voluntary accidental death and dismemberment insurance Leave Transfer plan Tuition Assistance Plan Training opportunities Junior Executive Executive Senior Executive Junior Executive Executive Senior Executive Junior Executive Executive Senior Executive GM Assistant Manager Assistant Manager Assistant Manager Assistant Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Deputy Manager Chairman & Board of Directors Manager (HR) Manager (Compliance) Manager (C. C) Manager CDBL & Settlement) Manager (IT) Manager (Fin & Acc) Manager (Trade) Managing Director Assistant Manager Assistant Manager Assistant Manager